Machines à bois – Sécurité –
Partie 1: Exigences communes
(ISO 19085-1:2017)

Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen – Sicherheit –
Teil 1: Gemeinsame Anforderungen
(ISO 19085-1:2017)

Obsah

Contents

Strana

Page

Předmluva............................................................................................................................................................................................ 10

Úvod...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

1......... Předmět normy....................................................................................................................................................................... 12

2......... Citované dokumenty............................................................................................................................................................. 12

3......... Termíny a definice................................................................................................................................................................. 14

4......... Seznam významných nebezpečí........................................................................................................................................ 19

5......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ovládání........................................................................................................... 25

5.1...... Bezpečnost a spolehlivost ovládacích systémů............................................................................................................... 25

5.2...... Ovládací zařízení.................................................................................................................................................................... 26

5.3...... Spuštění................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

5.4...... Bezpečné zastavení.............................................................................................................................................................. 26

5.4.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

5.4.2... Normální zastavení................................................................................................................................................................ 27

5.4.3... Provozní zastavení................................................................................................................................................................. 27

5.4.4... Nouzové zastavení................................................................................................................................................................ 28

5.5...... Brzdící funkce nástrojových vřeten..................................................................................................................................... 28

5.6...... Volba režimu........................................................................................................................................................................... 29

5.7...... Změna frekvence otáčení vřetena...................................................................................................................................... 29

5.7.1... Změna frekvence otáčení změnou polohy
řemenů na řemenicích.......................................................................................................................................................... 29

5.7.2... Změna frekvence otáčení motorem
s inkrementální změnou frekvence otáčení...................................................................................................................... 30

5.7.3... Plynulá změna frekvence otáčení měničem frekvence................................................................................................. 30

5.8...... Porucha jakékoliv dodávky energie................................................................................................................................... 30

5.9...... Ruční ovládání resetování.................................................................................................................................................... 31

5.10.... Souhlasné povelové ovládání............................................................................................................................................. 31

5.11.... Monitorování frekvence otáčení pohybujících se částí stroje........................................................................................ 31

5.12.... Časová prodleva.................................................................................................................................................................... 32

6......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ochranu proti mechanickým nebezpečím................................................ 32

6.1...... Stabilita.................................................................................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.1... Stacionární stroje................................................................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.2... Přemístitelné stroje................................................................................................................................................................ 32

6.2...... Riziko roztržení během provozu.......................................................................................................................................... 32

6.3...... Konstrukce držáku nástroje a nástroje............................................................................................................................... 33

6.3.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

6.3.2... Blokování vřetena.................................................................................................................................................................. 33

6.3.3... Upevňovací zařízení pro pilové kotouče............................................................................................................................ 33

6.3.4... Rozměry přírub pro pilové kotouče..................................................................................................................................... 33

6.4...... Brzdění..................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

6.4.1... Brzdění nástrojového vřetena.............................................................................................................................................. 33

Foreword................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10

Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

1......... Scope.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12

2......... Normative references.............................................................................................................................................................. 12

3......... Terms and definitions.............................................................................................................................................................. 14

4......... List of significant hazards....................................................................................................................................................... 19

5......... Safety requirements and measures for controls................................................................................................................ 25

5.1...... Safety and reliability of control systems............................................................................................................................... 25

5.2...... Control devices......................................................................................................................................................................... 26

5.3...... Start............................................................................................................................................................................................. 26

5.4...... Safe stops.................................................................................................................................................................................. 26

5.4.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

5.4.2... Normal stop............................................................................................................................................................................... 27

5.4.3... Operational stop........................................................................................................................................................................ 27

5.4.4... Emergency stop........................................................................................................................................................................ 28

5.5...... Braking function of tool spindles........................................................................................................................................... 28

5.6...... Mode selection.......................................................................................................................................................................... 29

5.7...... Spindle speed changing......................................................................................................................................................... 29

5.7.1... Spindle speed changing by changing belts
on the pulleys............................................................................................................................................................................ 29

5.7.2... Spindle speed changing by incremental speed change motor....................................................................................... 30

5.7.3... Infinitely variable speed by frequency inverter................................................................................................................... 30

5.8...... Failure of any power supply................................................................................................................................................... 30

5.9...... Manual reset control................................................................................................................................................................. 31

5.10.... Enabling control........................................................................................................................................................................ 31

5.11.... Machine moving parts speed monitoring............................................................................................................................ 31

5.12.... Time delay................................................................................................................................................................................. 32

6......... Safety requirements and measures for protection against mechanical hazards........................................................ 32

6.1...... Stability....................................................................................................................................................................................... 32

6.1.1... Stationary machines................................................................................................................................................................ 32

6.1.2... Displaceable machines........................................................................................................................................................... 32

6.2...... Risk of break-up during operation......................................................................................................................................... 32

6.3...... Tool holder and tool design.................................................................................................................................................... 33

6.3.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

6.3.2... Spindle locking.......................................................................................................................................................................... 33

6.3.3... Circular saw blade fixing device............................................................................................................................................ 33

6.3.4... Flange dimension for circular saws blades......................................................................................................................... 33

6.4...... Braking........................................................................................................................................................................................ 33

6.4.1... Braking of tool spindles........................................................................................................................................................... 33

Strana

6.4.2... Maximální doba doběhu....................................................................................................................................................... 34

6.4.3... Uvolnění brzdy........................................................................................................................................................................ 34

6.5...... Bezpečnostní zařízení........................................................................................................................................................... 34

6.5.1... Pevné ochranné kryty............................................................................................................................................................ 34

6.5.2... Blokování pohyblivých ochranných krytů.......................................................................................................................... 35

6.5.3... Ovládací zařízení vyžadující nepřetržité působení síly na ovládač.............................................................................. 35

6.5.4... Dvouruční ovládač................................................................................................................................................................. 36

6.5.5... Elektrické snímací ochranné zařízení (ESPE).................................................................................................................. 36

6.5.6... Ochranné zařízení citlivé na tlak (PSPE)........................................................................................................................... 36

6.6...... Zabránění přístupu k pohybujícím se částem................................................................................................................... 37

6.6.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.6.2... Ochranné krytování nástrojů................................................................................................................................................ 37

6.6.3... Ochranné krytování pohonů................................................................................................................................................. 38

6.6.4... Ochranné krytování zón střihu a/nebo stlačení................................................................................................................ 38

6.7...... Nebezpečí nárazu.................................................................................................................................................................. 38

6.8...... Upínací zařízení...................................................................................................................................................................... 38

6.9...... Opatření proti vymrštění........................................................................................................................................................ 39

6.9.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 39

6.9.2... Materiály ochranných krytů a charakteristiky.................................................................................................................... 39

6.10.... Opěry a vedení obrobku....................................................................................................................................................... 40

7......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ochranu proti ostatním nebezpečím.......................................................... 41

7.1...... Požár........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41

7.2...... Hluk........................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

7.2.1... Snižování hluku v etapě návrhu.......................................................................................................................................... 41

7.2.2... Měření emise hluku............................................................................................................................................................... 41

7.3...... Emise třísek a prachu............................................................................................................................................................ 42

7.4...... Elektrická výbava................................................................................................................................................................... 43

7.4.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 43

7.4.2... Přemístitelné stroje................................................................................................................................................................ 44

7.5...... Ergonomie a manipulace..................................................................................................................................................... 44

7.6...... Osvětlení.................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

7.7...... Pneumatika............................................................................................................................................................................. 45

7.8...... Hydraulika............................................................................................................................................................................... 45

7.9...... Elektromagnetická kompatibilita......................................................................................................................................... 45

7.10.... Laser......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.11.... Statická elektřina.................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.12.... Chyby montáže...................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.13.... Odpojení.................................................................................................................................................................................. 46

7.14.... Údržba...................................................................................................................................................................................... 47

8......... Informace pro použití............................................................................................................................................................ 48

8.1...... Výstražná zařízení.................................................................................................................................................................. 48

Page

6.4.2... Maximum run-down time........................................................................................................................................................ 34

6.4.3... Brake release............................................................................................................................................................................ 34

6.5...... Safeguards................................................................................................................................................................................ 34

6.5.1... Fixed guards.............................................................................................................................................................................. 34

6.5.2... Interlocking movable guards.................................................................................................................................................. 35

6.5.3... Hold-to-run control.................................................................................................................................................................... 35

6.5.4... Two-hand control...................................................................................................................................................................... 36

6.5.5... Electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE).................................................................................................................. 36

6.5.6... Pressure-sensitive protective equipment (PSPE).............................................................................................................. 36

6.6...... Prevention of access to moving parts................................................................................................................................... 37

6.6.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.6.2... Guarding of tools...................................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.6.3... Guarding of drives.................................................................................................................................................................... 38

6.6.4... Guarding of shearing and/or crushing zones...................................................................................................................... 38

6.7...... Impact hazard............................................................................................................................................................................ 38

6.8...... Clamping devices..................................................................................................................................................................... 38

6.9...... Measures against ejection...................................................................................................................................................... 39

6.9.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 39

6.9.2... Guards materials and characteristics................................................................................................................................... 39

6.10.... Work-piece supports and guides........................................................................................................................................... 40

7......... Safety requirements and measures for protection against other hazards.................................................................... 41

7.1...... Fire............................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

7.2...... Noise........................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

7.2.1... Noise reduction at the design stage...................................................................................................................................... 41

7.2.2... Noise emission measurement............................................................................................................................................... 41

7.3...... Emission of chips and dust..................................................................................................................................................... 42

7.4...... Electricity.................................................................................................................................................................................... 43

7.4.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 43

7.4.2... Displaceable machines........................................................................................................................................................... 44

7.5...... Ergonomics and handling....................................................................................................................................................... 44

7.6...... Lighting....................................................................................................................................................................................... 45

7.7...... Pneumatics................................................................................................................................................................................ 45

7.8...... Hydraulics.................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

7.9...... Electromagnetic compatibility................................................................................................................................................ 45

7.10.... Laser........................................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.11.... Static electricity.......................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.12.... Errors of fitting........................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.13.... Isolation...................................................................................................................................................................................... 46

7.14.... Maintenance.............................................................................................................................................................................. 47

8......... Information for use................................................................................................................................................................... 48

8.1...... Warning devices....................................................................................................................................................................... 48

Strana

8.2...... Značení.................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

8.2.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

8.2.2... Další značky............................................................................................................................................................................ 49

8.3...... Návod k používání................................................................................................................................................................. 49

8.3.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

8.3.2... Doplňující informace............................................................................................................................................................. 54

Příloha A (informativní) Požadovaná úroveň vlastností.............................................................................................................. 55

Příloha B (normativní) Zkouška funkce brzdění........................................................................................................................... 57

Příloha C (normativní) Zkouška stability přemístitelných strojů................................................................................................. 59

Příloha D (normativní) Zkouška nárazem pro ochranné kryty................................................................................................... 61

Příloha E (normativní) Měření emise hluku pro stroje,
které nejsou v ISO 7960:1995............................................................................................................................................. 64

Příloha ZA (informativní) Vztah mezi touto evropskou normou a základními požadavky směrnice
EU 2006/42/ES o strojních zařízeních, které
mají být pokryty....................................................................................................................................................................... 70

Bibliografie........................................................................................................................................................................................... 72

Page

8.2...... Marking....................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

8.2.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

8.2.2... Additional markings................................................................................................................................................................. 49

8.3...... Instruction handbook................................................................................................................................................................ 49

8.3.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

8.3.2... Additional information............................................................................................................................................................. 54

Annex A (informative) Performance level required....................................................................................................................... 55

Annex B (normative) Test for braking function............................................................................................................................... 57

Annex C (normative) Stability test for displaceable machines.................................................................................................... 59

Annex D (normative) Impact test for guards.................................................................................................................................... 61

Annex E (normative) Noise emission measurement
for machines not in ISO 7960:1995...................................................................................................................................... 64

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between
this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed
to be covered............................................................................................................................................................................. 70

Úvod

Introduction

Soubor mezinárodních norem ISO 19085 poskytuje technické požadavky pro návrh a konstrukci dřevo-
zpracujícího strojního zařízení. Jedná se o konstruk-
téry, výrobce, dodavatele a dovozce strojů specifiko-
vaných v předmětu normy. Také obsahuje seznam informačních položek, které výrobce musí poskytnout uživateli.

The ISO 19085 series of International Standards provides technical safety requirements for the design and construction of woodworking machinery. It concerns designers, manufacturers, suppliers and importers of the machines specified in the Scope. It also includes a list of informative items that the manufacturer will need to give to the user.

Tento dokument je norma typu C, jak je stanoveno v ISO 12100.

This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.

Příslušná strojní zařízení a rozsah nebezpečí, nebez-
pečných situací nebo nebezpečných událostí jsou uvedeny v předmětu tohoto dokumentu.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.

Pokud jsou požadavky této normy typu C odlišné od požadavků, které jsou stanoveny v normách typu A nebo typu B, mají požadavky této normy typu C pro stroje, které byly navrženy a vyrobeny podle poža-
davků této normy typu C, přednost před požadavky jiných norem.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.

Obsahuje úplný soubor požadavků na určitý typ dřevo-
zpracujícího stroje, který je uveden v části ISO 19085 platný pro tento typ, společně s relevantními poža-
davky tohoto dokumentu v rozsahu specifikovaném v předmětu normy oblasti působnosti příslušné části ISO 19085.

The full set of requirements for a particular type of woodworking machine are those given in the part of ISO 19085 applicable to that type, together with the relevant requirements from this document, to the extent specified in the Scope of the applicable part of ISO 19085.

Pro dřevozpracující stroje, na které se nevztahuje příslušná část, lze tento dokument použít jako návod. Ačkoliv konstruktér bude muset provést úplné posouzení rizik v souladu s ISO 12100 a navrhnout opatření pro snížení rizik vyplývajících z příslušných nebezpečí.

For woodworking machines not covered by an applicable part, this document can be used as a guide. However, the designer will then need to perform a full risk assessment according to ISO 12100 and design the means for reducing the risks arising from relevant hazards.

Pokud je to možné, v částech ISO 19085 jiných než je tento dokument, byly bezpečnostní požadavky upraveny pomocí odkazů na příslušné oddíly tohoto dokumentu, aby se zabránilo opakování a zkrácení jejich délky. Ostatní části obsahují náhrady a doplňky ke společným požadavkům uvedeným v tomto dokumentu.

As far as possible, in parts of ISO 19085 other than this document, safety requirements have been treated by way of reference to the relevant sections of this document, to avoid repetition and reduce their length. The other parts contain replacements and additions to the common requirements given in this document.

POZNÁMKA Požadavky pro nástroje jsou uvedeny
v EN 847-1:2013 a EN 847-2:2013.

NOTE Requirements for tools are given in EN 847-1:2013 and EN 847-2:2013.

1 Předmět normy

1 Scope

Tento dokument uvádí bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření ke snížení rizik souvisejících s dřevo-
zpracujícími stroji při provozu, seřizování, údržbě, dopravě, montáži, demontáži, při poruše a vyřazení a které jsou společné pro stroje používané v dřevozpracujícím průmyslu. Norma je použitelná pro dřevozpracující, stacionární a přemístitelné stroje, pokud jsou používány podle určení a za podmínek předpokládaných výrobcem.

This document gives the safety requirements and measures to reduce risks related to woodworking machines arising during operation, adjustment, maintenance, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping and which are common to machines used in the woodworking industry. It is applicable to woodworking, stationary and displaceable machines when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer.

POZNÁMKA 1 Pro relevantní, ale nevýznamná nebezpečí, např. ostré hrany rámu stroje, viz ISO 12100:2010.

NOTE 1 For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100:2010.

Norma je určena k použití ve spojení s ostatními částmi ISO 19085, které se vztahují na specifické typy strojů.

It is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of ISO 19085, applicable to specific machine types.

Tato norma se nevztahuje na stroje určené pro použití v prostředí s nebezpečím výbuchu nebo na stroje vyrobené před datem vydání.

It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potential explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.

POZNÁMKA 2 Stroje pro zachycování a odsávání prachu jsou pokryty EN 12779 a EN 16770.

NOTE 2 Machines for capturing and extracting dust are covered by EN 12779 and EN 16770.